Turning

Type of technology

Machining (by means of tools with defined geometry)

Development phase

advanced

Level of innovation

enterprise level

Scale of production

batch, unit

Technology readiness level TRL

Description of the technology

Turning is a machining process that involves the subtractive manufacturing of axisymmetric parts with the use of a turning tool. In turning, the primary (rotary) motion is performed by the workpiece, and the feed motion is performed by the cutting tool.

There are two kinematic variations of turning:

longitudinal, where the feed motion is parallel to the axis of rotation of the part;
transversal, where the feed motion is perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the part.

Purpose of use

subtractive manufacturing of axisymmetric components (e.g. shafts, bushes), external threading

Use in industry

all industries

Alternative technologies

MQCL turning
LAM turning
cryogenic turning
boring
drilling
reaming
tapping
turn-milling

Visualisation of action

Advantages

versatile technique for the subtractive manufacturing of axisymmetric components (e.g. shafts/ bushes)

Disadvantages

use of machining fluids that are not inert to people and the environment
significant tooling and fixture costs
possibility of significant electricity costs (roughing)

Workpiece material types

all material groups
ferrous metals
non-ferrous metals
non-ferrous metals alloys
hard materials
hardened materials

Examples of products

bushings
shafts
pistons
bearings
screws

Implementation of the technology

Required resources

lathe
cutting tools
tooling
machining fluids (optional)

Required competences

training in machining
training in programming of CNC machines (optional)

Environmental aspects

Water consumption

Energy consumption

Waste generated

Expert evaluation

Competitiveness

Usability

Environmental impact

Development centers

West Pomeranian University of Technology
University of Zielona Góra
Poznan University of Technology
Opole University of Technology
Wrocław University of Science and Technology

Legal conditions

none